Mars exploration encompasses a series of missions aimed at understanding the Red Planet's geology, climate, potential for past or present life, and suitability for future human colonization. These missions have evolved from early flybys and orbiters to sophisticated landers and rovers, significantly advancing our knowledge of Mars.
Space exploration is the investigation of celestial bodies and cosmic phenomena beyond Earth's atmosphere through the use of astronomy and space technologies. It encompasses both robotic missions and human spaceflight, aiming to expand scientific knowledge, develop new technologies, and explore the potential for human habitation beyond Earth.