
Aerodynamics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior of air and other gases in motion, particularly when interacting with solid objects. It is fundamental to the design and analysis of vehicles, aircraft, and structures to optimize performance and ensure stability.

An autonomous vehicle is a road motor vehicle equipped with an automated driving system capable of performing part or all of the dynamic driving task without continuous human control, depending on the system’s defined operational design domain. Modern deployments range from advanced driver-assistance features to Level 4 driverless robotaxis operating in limited areas, supported by evolving safety standards and regulatory frameworks in the United States, Europe, and Asia.