Roman Inquisition
The Roman Inquisition was the system of tribunals established by Pope Paul III in 1542 to combat heresy and police doctrine in the Papal States and much of the Italian peninsula. Administered by the Supreme Sacred Congregation of the Roman and Universal Inquisition (later the Holy Office), it oversaw heresy trials, censored books, and shaped Catholic reform during the Counter-Reformation; its institutional successor today is the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith.
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