Earth Sciences
Paleontology
Paleontology is the scientific study of ancient life through the examination of fossils, encompassing the evolution, interactions, and environments of organisms across Earth's history.
Petrichor
Petrichor is the term for the characteristic earthy aroma that arises when rain falls on dry soil. Coined in 1964 by Australian researchers Isabel Joy Bear and R. G. Thomas, the scent reflects a combination of plant-derived oils, microbial metabolites such as geosmin, and physical processes that aerosolize these compounds during light to moderate rainfall.
Volcanology
Volcanology is the scientific study of volcanoes, lava, magma, and related geological phenomena, encompassing their formation, eruption mechanisms, and impacts on the environment and human societies.